Caracterización de la micobiota aérea en dos depósitos del Archivo Nacional de la República de Cuba / Characterization of air mycobiota in two repositories of the National Archives of the Republic of Cuba

Antecedentes. La humedad relativa y las temperaturas altas existentes en los países tropicales propician condiciones favorables para el desarrollo de hongos que pueden ser perjudiciales no solo para la salud humana, sino también para los soportes documentales. Objetivos. Determinar la concentración fúngica en el aire de dos depósitos del Archivo Nacional de la República de Cuba y la micobiota depositada sobre diferentes soportes fotográficos y mapas conservados en estos depósitos, así como realizar la caracterización taxonómica de los hongos aislados. Métodos. El muestreo del aire se realizó con un método de sedimentación, y los soportes (6 fotos y 7 mapas) se analizaron empleando hisopos estériles humedecidos. Resultados. El género que predominó fue Cladosporium, seguido por los géneros Aspergillus y Penicillium. De todas las fotos y los mapas se aislaron hongos filamentosos y solo de una técnica fotográfica y un mapa se aislaron levaduras. Se identificaron varias especies de los géneros Aspergillus y Penicillium, pero Aspergillus niger y Aspergillus flavus fueron las especies predominantes. Se aislaron cepas de levaduras de los géneros Candida y Rhodotorula. Conclusiones. La concentración fúngica del aire puso en evidencia que los ambientes no están contaminados. De 26 hongos filamentosos aislados, solamente 5 se detectaron tanto en el aire de los depósitos como sobre uno o más de los soportes documentales analizados, lo que representa un 19,3%. Esto demuestra que existe una relación ecológica baja entre los hongos encontrados en el aire y los que se aislaron de los soportes analizados (AU)

Background. The high relative humidity and temperatures in tropical countries create favorable conditions for development of fungi that are not only a risk to human health but they can also colonize documentary support. Aims. To study the concentration of the airborne fungi in two repositories of the National Archives of the Republic of Cuba, the mycobiota deposited on different photographic supports and maps preserved in these repositories, and to determine the taxonomic characterization of the fungi isolated. Methods. The air sampling was performed using a sedimentation method, and the supports (6 pictures and 7 maps) were analyzed using moistened sterile swabs. Results. The Cladosporium genus was predominant, followed by Aspergillus and Penicillium genera. Filamentous fungi were isolated in all the photos and maps, and yeasts were only isolated from a photographic supports and a map. We identified several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium genera, but Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus predominated. Candida and Rhodotorula were the yeast genera isolated. Conclusions. The fungal concentration of the air demonstrated that the environments were not contaminated. From the 26 species of filamentous fungi isolated only 5 were detected in the indoor air of the repositories and on one or more of the document supports analyzed (representing a 19.3%). This shows that there is a low ecological relationship between the fungi detected in the indoor air and those that were isolated from the supports studied (AU)

[Characterization of air mycobiota in two repositories of the National Archives of the Republic of Cuba]. / Caracterización de la micobiota aérea en dos depósitos del Archivo Nacional de la República de Cuba.

BACKGROUND: The high relative humidity and temperatures in tropical countries create favorable conditions for development of fungi that are not only a risk to human health but they can also colonize documentary support. AIMS: To study the concentration of the airborne fungi in two repositories of the National Archives of the Republic of Cuba, the mycobiota deposited on different photographic supports and maps preserved in these repositories, and to determine the taxonomic characterization of the fungi isolated. METHODS: The air sampling was performed using a sedimentation method, and the supports (6 pictures and 7 maps) were analyzed using moistened sterile swabs. RESULTS: The Cladosporium genus was predominant, followed by Aspergillus and Penicillium genera. Filamentous fungi were isolated in all the photos and maps, and yeasts were only isolated from a photographic supports and a map. We identified several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium genera, but Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus predominated. Candida and Rhodotorula were the yeast genera isolated. CONCLUSIONS: The fungal concentration of the air demonstrated that the environments were not contaminated. From the 26 species of filamentous fungi isolated only 5 were detected in the indoor air of the repositories and on one or more of the document supports analyzed (representing a 19.3%). This shows that there is a low ecological relationship between the fungi detected in the indoor air and those that were isolated from the supports studied.